Timeline of Anasazi & World Events - Manitou Cliff Dwellings


Timeline of Anasazi & World Events (continued) For ease of use, we show the Anasazi history in boldface blue lettering and red links.
Time	Event(s)
900-1150	Anasazi Pueblo II Era
900+	Anasazi: Three Kiva, Edge of the Cedars and Lowry pueblos built near Hovenweep.
900	Anasazi: Chetro Ketl pueblo started at Chaco.
900	Beginnings of the well-known Arabian tales, A Thousand and One Nights.
900-1000	Anasazi: Jacal construction in Mesa Verde area gives way to stone masonry.
920	Anasazi: Chaco outlier system develops.
932	Printed books from woodblocks developed in China.
950	Europe is in the Dark Ages.
950	Anasazi: Keet Seel, second largest cliff dwelling in the U.S., inhabited (Navajo National Monument).
963	First record of the existence of London Bridge.
1000	Anasazi: Chaco Phenomenon.
1000	Old English poem Beowulf written.
1000	Leif Ericson presumed to have landed in Nova Scotia and discovered America.
1000	Gunpowder perfected in China.
1064, 1066	Anasazi: Sunset Crater volcanic eruptions; volcanic debris blankets Jemez Mountains and Bandelier area.
1066	Haley's Comet appears worldwide.
1066	William the Conqueror leads the Normans in conquest of Britain.
1075-1123	Anasazi: Pueblo Bonito constructed at Chaco.
3/7/1076	Total eclipse of the sun.
Soon after	Anasazi: Five astronomical observatories are built at Chaco.
1090	First water-driven mechanical clock in use in Peking.
1096	First Crusade to oust the Muslims from the Holy Land.
1100	Anasazi: Chaco at its peak.
1100	Anasazi: Tewa and Keresan speaking clans move into Bandelier area and build two- and three-story pueblo.
1100	Anasazi: *The Pe-Kush* migrate from the Four Corners Area to the Pecos area.**
1100	Anasazi: Population of Montezuma Valley, west of Mesa Verde is about 30,000.
1100-1150	Toltecs in Mexico and Cahokia on the Mississippi River build huge pyramids.
1106-1125	Anasazi: Aztec Ruins built.
1130-1180	Anasazi: Fifty-year drought in the Southwest. Rain and snow cease to fall.
1132	Anasazi: Last log cut for construction at Chaco.
1140	Anasazi: Chaco outlier system of communities collapses.
1150-1350	Anasazi Pueblo III Era
1150	Anasazi: Chaco collapses. Some Chacoans resettle temporarily in Aztec, then migrate, perhaps to Hopi, Zuni and the Rio Grande River pueblos. Mesa Verde ascends as Chaco goes down.
1150	Paris University founded.
1167	Oxford University founded.
1174	First horse races in England.
1180	Glass first used in private houses - in England.
1190	Genghis Khan begins the conquest of Asia.
1194-1260	Construction of the present Cathedral of Chartres in France.
1200	Anasazi: Mesa Verdeans begin building cliff dwellings.
1200-1280	Anasazi: Cliff dwellings constructed and occupied in canyons of Kayenta Region, including Canyon de Chelly and Navajo National Monument.
1209	First rules for the Franciscan Order issued by Francis of Assisi.
1233	First coal mined in Newcastle, England.
1253	Linen first manufactured in England.
1269	First toll roads in England.
1271	Marco Polo leaves for his visit with Kublai Khan in China.
1272	Anasazi: Expansion of Keet Seel begins.
1276-1299	Anasazi: Severe drought in Southwest leads to Anasazi abandonment and migrations.
1278	Glass mirror invented.
1290	Eyeglasses (spectacles) invented.
1291	The final Crusade ends as Muslims rout Christians in Palestine.
1299	Anasazi: Mesa Verde abandoned. Rains end the long drought.
1300	Anasazi: Keet Seel abandoned.
1300	Anasazi: Gran Quivara, Ab� and Quarai pueblos occupied (Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument).
After 1300	Anasazi: Kuaua Pueblo built near R�o Grande (Coronado State Monument).
1325	Aztecs found Mexico-Tenochtitlan, which later becomes Mexico City.
1347-51	Black Death (bubonic plague) decimates Europe, kills one third of English; 75 million people die.
1350-1600	Anasazi Pueblo IV Era
1370	Steel crossbow in use as weapon of war.
1400	Anasazi: Multi-storied pueblo under construction at Pecos.
After 1400	Anasazi: Prophesies of strangers from afar circulate among Southwestern cultures.
1539	Anasazi: Spaniards observe more than 100 pueblos in what is now Arizona and New Mexico. (Now only 20 remain.)
1539	Anasazi: Spaniard de Niza mistakenly identifies farming pueblo of Hawikuh, near Zuni, as the mythical Seven golden cities of C�bola.
1540	Anasazi: Coronado conquers poor Hawikuh farmers and finds no gold.
1598	Anasazi: Don Juan de O�ate leads an expedition to establish Spanish presence in New Mexico. He camps at the base of the plateau on which Acoma Pueblo stands.
1599	Anasazi: Acoma Pueblo rebels. O�ate attacks and subdues the pueblo after a bloody battle. On his orders, the right foot of every Acoma men over 25 years of age is cut off and most men and women over 12 are forced to provide 20 years of slave labor.
1600-present	Anasazi Pueblo V Era
1627	Anasazi: Spanish observer estimates Gran Quivara pueblo houses 3,000 people (Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument).
1680-1692	Anasazi: Pueblo Revolt.
1680	Anasazi: End of occupation of Kuaua Pueblo (Coronado State Monument).
1692	Anasazi: Spanish reconquest by de Vargas after Pueblo Revolt.
1765-1848	Anasazi: Spanish and Mexican explorers pass by without noticing Mesa Verde.
1780	Anasazi: Wild Mustard Clan flees drought at Hopi and takes refuge in abandoned villages of Canyon de Chelly.
1838	Anasazi: Last 17 residents vacate Pecos Pueblo and move to Jemez.
1869, 71-72	Anasazi: John Wesley Powell mentions ancient ruins.
1870s	First U.S. buildings equal or exceed the 4- and 5-story height of Anasazi buildings built before 1300.
1874	Anasazi: As a member of the Hayden surveys, William Henry Jackson photographs cliff dwellings at Mesa Verde.
1887	Anasazi: Al Wetherill spots Cliff Palace in Mesa Verde, but doesn't tell his brothers.
December, 1888	Anasazi: "Discovery" the Cliff Palace, Spruce Tree House and Square Tower House by Richard Wetherill and Charlie Mason.
1890-1891	Anasazi: Amateur archaeologist Richard Wetherill notices differences in earlier remains removed from caves near cliff dwellings. He calls these people the "Basket People," then "Basket Makers." See 1893.
1893	Anasazi: First scholarly monograph written on the Cliff Dwellers (Anasazi ).
1893	Anasazi: Wetherill identifies Basketmakers (no pots, atlatl, baskets, taller than cliff dwellers, round skulls) as distinct from later (Pueblo) Anasazi. At the time, archaeologists, who have doubts about the amateur's work, refer to all such peoples as "Cliff Dwellers." See 1914-15.
1906	Anasazi: Manitou Cliff Dwellings opened to the public.
Late 1920s-early 1930s	Anasazi: Tree-ring dating technology established by A.E. Douglass at Mesa Verde.
1914-15	Anasazi: Wetherill's Basketmaker discovery validated by Kidder and Guernsey's archaeological digs.
1940s	Anasazi: Scientists firmly establish existence of earlier Basketmaker culture and the transition to Pueblo Anasazi.
1956-1963	Anasazi: Intensive archaeological project in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area before Lake Powel floods canyons formerly occupied by Anasazi.
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